Abstract This NSPCC report attempts to calculate the overall costs of child sexual abuse in the UK. Looks at the costs of health provision (mental health problems and adult physical health problems from alcohol and drug misuse); criminal justice service (both the sex offenders and where victims of child sexual abuse become involved in criminal activity); services for children (children's social care) and loss of productivity to society (unemployment or reduced earnings). Also considers the human and emotional costs. Estimates that child sexual abuse cost £3.2bn in 2012. However, highlights the difficulties in calculating the exact costs due to varied outcomes for victims, uncertainty around numbers affected and the limitations of the available data.